The trypanosome Lotmaria passim and the microsporidian Nosema ceranae are common parasites of the honey bee, Apis mellifera, intestine, but the nature of interactions between them is unknown.

Ellie Lobel was 27 when she was bitten by a tick and contracted Lyme disease. And she was not yet 45 when she decided to give up fighting for survival.

Spring is the key time for crop pollination, which many apiarists are finding hard to do because of the pandemic, so Sue Quinn asks, what the lasting effects of coronavirus will mean for food availability and bee populations?

Since the 1990s’, beekeepers and scientists have been warning politicians and civil society about the loss of vitality and rising mortality of honeybee2 and other pollinating insects (like wild bees, butterflies and moths).

Many organisms respond to changes in temperature by altering their activity and metabolism.

How old are bees? Which came first, bees or flowers? When did bees develop social behaviour? Fossil bees are found in amber and copal but are quite rare as inclusions except for Proplebeia in amber from the Dominican Republic.

At the beginning of winter 2008-2009, beekeepers from Ariège (South of France) reported worrying death rates in their colonies. They observed more than 4000 dead hives and whole apiaries decimated, leading to a strong suspicion of bee poisoning. .

Europe's bees and other insects are under threat. In Germany, scientists have recorded losses of more than 75 percent of the total mass of insects in protected areas over 27 years

Every good bee-keeper's wish is to have healthy and strong bee colonies to bring him/her a lot of honey. And he/she wants to produce honey of the best quality to be offered to his/her customers.

Dr Fani Hatjina obtained her PhD in Cardiff and made much use of the IBRA library during her studies.